README.md

---
license: other
license_name: other
license_link: LICENSE
task_categories:
- feature-extraction
tags:
- code
- software-engineering
- issue-localization
- code-graph
- swe-bench
pretty_name: SpIDER-Bench
configs:
- config_name: instances
  default: true
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: data/instances/*.parquet
- config_name: nodes
  data_files:
  - split: swe_bench_verified
    path: data/nodes/SWE-bench_Verified/*.parquet
  - split: swe_polybench_python
    path: data/nodes/SWE-PolyBench/python/*.parquet
  - split: swe_polybench_java
    path: data/nodes/SWE-PolyBench/java/*.parquet
  - split: swe_polybench_javascript
    path: data/nodes/SWE-PolyBench/javascript/*.parquet
  - split: swe_polybench_typescript
    path: data/nodes/SWE-PolyBench/typescript/*.parquet
  - split: multi_swe_bench_java
    path: data/nodes/Multi-SWE-bench/java/*.parquet
  - split: multi_swe_bench_javascript
    path: data/nodes/Multi-SWE-bench/javascript/*.parquet
  - split: multi_swe_bench_typescript
    path: data/nodes/Multi-SWE-bench/typescript/*.parquet
- config_name: edges
  data_files:
  - split: swe_bench_verified
    path: data/edges/SWE-bench_Verified/*.parquet
  - split: swe_polybench_python
    path: data/edges/SWE-PolyBench/python/*.parquet
  - split: swe_polybench_java
    path: data/edges/SWE-PolyBench/java/*.parquet
  - split: swe_polybench_javascript
    path: data/edges/SWE-PolyBench/javascript/*.parquet
  - split: swe_polybench_typescript
    path: data/edges/SWE-PolyBench/typescript/*.parquet
  - split: multi_swe_bench_java
    path: data/edges/Multi-SWE-bench/java/*.parquet
  - split: multi_swe_bench_javascript
    path: data/edges/Multi-SWE-bench/javascript/*.parquet
  - split: multi_swe_bench_typescript
    path: data/edges/Multi-SWE-bench/typescript/*.parquet
---

# SpIDER-Bench

Repository dependency graphs for software issue localization — the graph data behind
**SpIDER: Spatially Informed Dense Embedding Retrieval for Software Issue Localization**
([arXiv:2512.16956](https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.16956)).

Each benchmark instance gets one directed multigraph of its repository at the commit the
issue was filed against. Nodes are directories, files, classes and functions carrying
their source; edges are `contains` / `imports` / `inherits` / `invokes` relations between
them. SpIDER uses these graphs to expand a dense-retrieval ranking along the code's own
structure.

**3,297 graphs · 44,877,941 nodes · 671,599,117 edges**
across three benchmarks and four languages.

## Configurations

Three configs: **`instances`** (default, one row per graph), **`nodes`** and **`edges`**.
`nodes` and `edges` each carry the same eight splits, one per benchmark+language:

| split | benchmark | language | instances | nodes | edges |
|---|---|---|---:|---:|---:|
| `swe_bench_verified` | SWE-bench_Verified | python | 500 | 12,999,151 | 99,582,491 |
| `swe_polybench_python` | SWE-PolyBench | python | 199 | 5,170,664 | 138,146,408 |
| `swe_polybench_java` | SWE-PolyBench | java | 165 | 5,006,348 | 161,950,563 |
| `swe_polybench_javascript` | SWE-PolyBench | javascript | 1,017 | 4,294,419 | 13,443,888 |
| `swe_polybench_typescript` | SWE-PolyBench | typescript | 708 | 12,619,220 | 230,184,168 |
| `multi_swe_bench_java` | Multi-SWE-bench | java | 128 | 1,484,356 | 19,295,528 |
| `multi_swe_bench_javascript` | Multi-SWE-bench | javascript | 356 | 2,326,250 | 6,922,775 |
| `multi_swe_bench_typescript` | Multi-SWE-bench | typescript | 224 | 977,533 | 2,073,296 |

`nodes` and `edges` are separate configs rather than two splits of one, because
`datasets` casts every split in a config to a single schema and node rows and edge rows
have different columns.

## Loading

```python
from datasets import load_dataset

# the summary table: one row per instance
inst = load_dataset("AmazonScience/SpIDER-Bench", "instances", split="train")

# the graph tables for one benchmark+language
nodes = load_dataset("AmazonScience/SpIDER-Bench", "nodes", split="swe_polybench_python")
edges = load_dataset("AmazonScience/SpIDER-Bench", "edges", split="swe_polybench_python")
```

Graphs are stored relationally rather than one-row-per-graph because a single instance
reaches hundreds of MB — too large for a parquet row or the viewer.

## Rebuilding the graphs

The reference implementation consumes `networkx.MultiDiGraph` pickles. The SpIDER code
release ships `scripts/materialize_graphs.py`, which rebuilds them and downloads only the
shards it needs:

```bash
python scripts/materialize_graphs.py --out data/SpIDER-Bench
python scripts/materialize_graphs.py --out data/SpIDER-Bench --subset SWE-PolyBench/python
```

To rebuild one graph directly:

```python
import json, networkx as nx, pyarrow.parquet as pq

NODE_COLS = ["type", "code", "start_line", "end_line", "package", "imports",
             "method_name", "class_name", "parent_type", "is_prototype_method"]
EDGE_COLS = ["type", "alias", "module"]

def rebuild(node_rows, edge_rows):
    g = nx.MultiDiGraph()
    for r in sorted(node_rows, key=lambda r: r["node_ord"]):
        g.add_node(r["node_id"], **attrs(r, NODE_COLS))
    for r in sorted(edge_rows, key=lambda r: r["edge_ord"]):
        g.add_edge(r["src"], r["dst"], key=r["edge_key"], **attrs(r, EDGE_COLS))
    return g

def attrs(row, cols):
    if not row["attr_order"]:
        return {}
    extra = json.loads(row["extra_attrs"]) if row["extra_attrs"] else {}
    return {k: extra[k] if k in extra else row[k] for k in row["attr_order"].split(",")}
```

## Schema

### `instances`

| column | type | meaning |
|---|---|---|
| `instance_id` | string | benchmark instance id, globally unique across configs |
| `benchmark` | string | `SWE-bench_Verified`, `SWE-PolyBench`, `Multi-SWE-bench` |
| `language` | string | `python`, `java`, `javascript`, `typescript` |
| `repo` | string | `owner/name` |
| `num_nodes`, `num_edges` | int32 | graph size |
| `n_nodes_<type>`, `n_edges_<type>` | int32 | per-type counts |
| `nodes_shard`, `edges_shard` | string | parquet files holding this instance |
| `graph_attrs` | string | graph-level attributes as JSON, null when none |

### `nodes`

| column | type | meaning |
|---|---|---|
| `instance_id` | string | joins to `instances` |
| `node_ord` | int32 | insertion order — **rebuild in this order** |
| `node_id` | string | `path/to/file.py`, `…:Class`, `…:Class.method` |
| `type` | string | `annotation`, `class`, `directory`, `enum`, `file`, `function`, `interface`, `method` |
| `code` | string | source text of the node |
| `start_line`, `end_line` | int32 | 1-based line span in the file |
| `package` | string | java only |
| `imports` | list&lt;struct&lt;type, module, alias&gt;&gt; | javascript / typescript only |
| `method_name`, `class_name`, `parent_type` | string | typescript only |
| `is_prototype_method` | bool | typescript only |
| `attr_order` | string | comma-joined original attribute keys, in order |
| `extra_attrs` | string | JSON for anything outside the typed columns, null when none |

### `edges`

| column | type | meaning |
|---|---|---|
| `instance_id` | string | joins to `instances` |
| `edge_ord` | int32 | insertion order — **rebuild in this order** |
| `src`, `dst` | string | node ids |
| `edge_key` | int32 | parallel-edge key (`MultiDiGraph`) |
| `type` | string | `contains`, `imports`, `inherits`, `invokes` |
| `alias` | string | import alias, where one applies |
| `module` | string | imported module, javascript / typescript |
| `attr_order`, `extra_attrs` | string | as above |

### Why `attr_order` and `*_ord`

Attribute sets differ by language and, within a language, between node kinds — a java node
carries `package`, a directory node carries only `type`. Parquet null cannot distinguish
*attribute absent* from *attribute present with value `None`*, and both occur here. So
`attr_order` records exactly which keys the original dict held and in what order, and it is
what a faithful rebuild iterates. `node_ord` / `edge_ord` preserve networkx insertion order,
which SpIDER's BFS tie-breaks depend on.

Round-tripping every graph in this release through
`networkx.utils.graphs_equal` against the original pickles passes for all
3,297, including node order, edge order and per-node attribute key order.

## Citation

```bibtex
@misc{chaudhari2026spiderspatiallyinformeddense,
      title={SpIDER: Spatially Informed Dense Embedding Retrieval for Software Issue Localization}, 
      author={Shravan Chaudhari and Rahul Thomas Jacob and Mononito Goswami and Jiajun Cao and Shihab Rashid and Christian Bock},
      year={2026},
      eprint={2512.16956},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.SE},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.16956}, 
}
```

## License

See `LICENSE` and `notice.md`. This repository contains code segments under multiple
licenses (MIT, Apache 2.0, BSD, GPL and others) and is adapted from the listed open-source
projects; your use must comply with the relevant segments' licenses.